Reading a genetic panel: clear, carrier and affected

A genetic report answers specific questions about a dog’s DNA. It does not certify that the dog is free of every inherited condition, and it does not replace a veterinary examination.

What is in H639?

Our breeding dogs undergo CombiBreed H639 testing before entering our breeding programme. The laboratory’s current product page lists tests relating to inherited conditions, genetic variants and traits, alongside measures of genetic diversity.

Ask for the report rather than relying on a headline number. A panel can include several variants associated with one condition, as well as coat characteristics rather than diseases.

Clear, carrier and affected

For an autosomal recessive condition, these terms usually describe the number of copies of the particular variant detected.

Clear means no copy was found. It does not mean the dog is clear of every possible cause of a disease.

Carrier means one copy was found. The dog generally does not develop the associated recessive condition but can pass on the variant. This result says nothing about unrelated health problems.

Affected or at risk generally means two copies were found. The clinical meaning depends on the condition and how consistently the variant leads to symptoms.

Not every test follows this model. Dominant and sex-linked conditions need different interpretation. The UC Davis Veterinary Genetics Laboratory glossary explains these terms. Discuss a concerning result with your vet and, when needed, the laboratory.

How we use the information

We consider results alongside pedigrees, veterinary findings and the individual dogs when planning a mating. Geographic origin alone cannot establish how closely related two lines are.

A panel does not cover all genetic causes of illness. Conditions influenced by several genes and the environment, as well as acquired illnesses, require other assessment. UC Davis explains these limits in its guide to genetic testing.

What to ask before reserving

Check the dog identification, laboratory and date on the parents’ reports. Ask which findings were relevant to the planned litter and what other veterinary assessments are available. Read the contractual health terms before paying.

You can request testing for your own puppy. Confirm the scope, any charge and expected turnaround first; results may arrive after handover. Your vet can help decide whether testing would answer a particular question.

Our health and genetics page explains the programme. Australian Cobberdog House is an MDBA member, breeder number 45027.